Modern Economics (Apr 2020)
Priority Approaches to the Development of the Global World - Environmental Security
Abstract
Abstract. Introduction. Modern environmental policy is based on the implementation of global agreements, the need to develop industries and sectors of the world economy on the basis of greening, environmental protection. The implementation of state policy in the field of environmental security must, first of all, include the definition of priorities, goals, strategy development and practical implementation of measures to reduce anthropogenic burden on all ecosystems, territories of the world. Environmental security is a component of national security that protects the vital interests of man, society, the environment and the state from real or potential threats posed by anthropogenic or natural factors, their impact on the environment. An effective state environmental security policy is a way of preventing environmental and man-made threats, including transboundary ones. Guaranteeing environmental security is extremely important, as it is part of the global security system, defines the possibilities for preserving the sphere of human existence. Recently, there has been an increase in environmental hazards to human health and life in various regions of the world due to man-made activities and dangerous natural processes. The urgency of the issue has been proven by the results of the anniversary World Economic Forum in Davos in January 2020. It has been determined that environmental threats are a matter of time that requires effective approaches to mitigate risks in all countries and regions of the world. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the nature and features, prerequisites for ensuring (guarantee) environmental security, priority approaches to the development of the countries of the world in view of the scale of existing and potential environmental threats, including threats of transboundary nature. Practical implementation of priority approaches for the development of the countries of the world in view of the environmental risks, negative climate change, ratified by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement. Results. The authors investigate the nature, components and features of environmental security, the features of the manifestation of negative phenomena in the global world, and climate change. The influence of environmental factors on the priorities of development of the global world has been determined in view of the scale of environmental threats. There is a close relationship with the transboundary risks that require systematic approaches to counteract the negative impact on individual territories and countries of the world. It is proved that global processes in different spheres and sectors of the world economy lead to the need for joint solution of environmental issues. Global processes are pushing for stronger partnerships to preserve the natural environment. It is proved that the processes of globalization define new parameters of ecological development of the countries of the world, creation of preconditions for guaranteeing ecological safety should take place in view of the changing nature of the challenges and threats of the world society. Crisis, and in some regions of the world, the critical ecological status of the environment require effective legal, organizational and social measures. It is stipulated that climate policy restrictions due to the self-interest of the countries of the world can cause environmental catastrophe on all continents. Leveling out global environmental threats from climate warming on the planet can lead to significant global threats, including climate migration. Conclusions. Global environmental threats are a challenge to the world community, a response of biological systems to the growth of anthropogenic impact. The last decade has been characterized by an understanding of the global environmental crisis and at the level of state-political awareness, as evidenced by the social response of the world community. Climate policy limitation, through the self-interest of the countries of the world, can cause environmental catastrophe on all continents. Leveling global environmental threats from climate warming on the planet can lead to significant global threats: migration, famine, disease, war, loss of part of the territory due to the inability to live on it. Climate migrants can be a reality by 2030.
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