Mortality child in Alcalá de los Gazules (1916-1921)

Abstract

The infant mortality is determined by exogenous, socio-economic and environmental factors. The improvement of the food conditions, the educational mother level and the campaigns of vaccination contributed to the decrease of the infant mortality in the 20th century. The aim of this work is to relate the most frequent reasons in-year-old minors to the historical, socio-economic and sanitary context of the epoch. We have realized a descriptive, longitudinal study of the infant mortality in Alcala of the Gazules, from the record of death, codified according to the Classification of Reasons of modified and extended Death (CMMA) and Bertillón (CB). The statistical analysis fulfilled with the program SPSS 15.0. The deceased the first year of life supposes 25,47 % (295) of the total of deaths (1158). The pathologies perinatales concentrate 27,2 % (80), followed by the diarrhea and enteritis with 22,8 % (67). Between 1920 and 1921 one produces 57,34 % (82) of the deaths for diarrhea and enteritis in the whole period. The specific mortality for congenital weakness supposes 25,76 % (76) of the deaths. The crisis of subsistence and the insufficient supply they aggravated the infant mortality. The bad conditions of habitability and the accumulation of the population contributed to the high mortality for diarrhea and enteritis.

Keywords

• Mortalidad infantil
• Demografía histórica
• Alcalá de los Gazules
• Cádiz