TEORES FOLIARES E EXPORTAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES DO MAMOEIRO BAIXINHO DE SANTA AMÁLIA TRATADO COM BIOFERTILIZANTES LEAF NUTRIENT STATUS AND NUTRIENT EXPORTATION OF “BAIXINHO DE SANTA AMÁLIA” PAPAYA CULTIVAR TREATED WITH BIOFERTILIZERS

Abstract

<h4 style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; page-break-after: auto; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span> <!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">O mamoeiro é uma cultura de expressiva importância econômica para o Brasil e, tradicionalmente, foi cultivado sob fertilização mineral do solo. Entretanto, nas últimas duas décadas, o mercado consumidor mundial vem exigindo a produção de alimentos com menor uso de insumos sintéticos e maior utilização de insumos naturais. Nesse sentido, um experimento foi conduzido no município de Remígio, PB, para avaliar a composição mineral no limbo foliar, no início da floração das plantas e na exportação de sódio, macro e micronutrientes, na colheita dos frutos maduros do mamoeiro “Baixinho de Santa Amália”. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, usando o esquema fatorial 2x5, referentes ao biofertilizante puro e enriquecido com sódio, macro e micronutrientes, nas doses 0,0 L cova</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: small;">; 0,5 L cova</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: small;">; 1,0 L cova</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: small;">; 1,5 L cova</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: small;">; e 2,0 L cova</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: small;">, aplicados ao solo na forma líquida. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-PT">O biofertilizante enriquecido foi mais eficiente, em relação ao puro, na acumulação de </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">sódio,</span><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-PT"> macro e micronutrientes, nas folhas das plantas e na exportação dos respectivos nutrientes, com a colheita dos frutos do mamoeiro em todas as doses de insumos aplicados ao solo. As plantas, no início da floração, estavam com teores adequados de nitrogênio, potássio, enxofre, boro, cobre e zinco e deficientes em fósforo, cálcio, magnésio, ferro e manganês. </span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">O potássio (dentre os macronutrientes) e o ferro (dentre os micronutrientes) foram os mais exportados, com a colheita dos frutos.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE: <em>Carica papaya</em> L.; biofertilizante; composição mineral.</span></span></span></p></h4><!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Papaya tree is a crop with expressive economic importance in Brazil, where it has been traditionally cultivated with mineral soil fertilizing, although, for the last two decades, the world market has required lower levels of synthetic products use for food production and higher levels of the natural ones. In this way, one experiment was carried out in Remígio, Paraíba State, Brazil, to evaluate the leaf nutrient status, at the beginning of the blooming stage, and the exportation of sodium, macro, and micronutrients of the “Baixinho de Santa Amália” papaya cultivar. A complete randomized blocks experimental design was used in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, referring to pure biofertilizer and biofertilizer enriched with sodium, macro, and micronutrients, under 0.0 L plant</span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">; 0.5 L plant</span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">; 1.0 L plant</span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">; 1.5 L plant</span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">; and 2.0 L plant</span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"> doses, applied to soil under their liquid form. The enriched biofertilizer was more efficient, in relation to the pure one, for leaf nutrient status and nutrient exportation of papaya fruit, for all doses applied to soil. At the beginning of the blooming stage, all plants were adequately supplied with nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, boron, cooper, and zinc, but deficient in phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese. The most exported nutrients were potassium, among the macronutrients, and iron, among the micronutrients.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: <em>Carica papaya</em> L.; biofertilizer; mineral status. </span></span></span></p>

Keywords

• Carica papaya L.
• biofertilizante
• composição mineral