Metal Nanoparticle Containing Nanocomposites of Drug Substances and Their Potential Biomedical Applications

Abstract

New hybrid nanosystems containing the antibacterial substances dioxidine or gentamicin sulfate with bioactive metal (Ag, Cu) nanoparticles have been obtained by a cryogenic freeze-drying method and incorporate further the nanocomposites thus obtained into the cryogenically structured biopolymeric matrices based on gelatin, calcium alginate, and chitosan. FTIR, UV-visible, and NMR spectroscopy, TEM and SEM microscopy data show that the resulting systems consist of wide-porous polymer sponges (pore diameters, 10−200 μm) that contain antibacterial drugs and silver (2−30 nm) or copper (1−5 nm) nanoparticles. The investigation showed that these systems ensure a gradual release of dioxidine (from 40 min up to 3 days), depending on the nature of the matrix and its microstructure. The higher activity of hybrid composites based on nanometals and dioxidine or incorporated into cryostructured biopolymer matrices against the bacterial strains of Escherichia coli 52, Staphylococcus aureus 144 is demonstrated as compared to the individual components in the same matrices.

Keywords

• cryochemical modification
• hybrid nanoforms
• antibacterial drugs
• dioxidine
• gentamicin sulfate
• silver nanoparticles
• copper nanoparticles
• cryostructured biopolymeric sponges
• gelatin
• calcium alginate
• chitosan