The Monitoring of Soil Properties in the Interrow of Vineyards

Abstract

The paper deals with the problems of evaluating of chosen chemical and physical properties of soil in between vineyards that are managed by various mechanization. Measuring was undertaken in viticulture region of South Moravia, at two experimental sites in Mikulov district. Soil surface between rows of vines is managed by regular cultivation (plow, disc cultivator) to a depth of 30–70 mm in the form of a black fallow. On each of vineyards is used a different type of energy resource to carry out working operations – New Holland TN 75 V, a multifunction carrier PELLENC OPTIMUM. While driving in between vine rows, the two machines in completely different tracks, which significantly influences the properties of the soil and its consolidation. The soil samples were analyzed for determining the soil structure, physical and chemical properties, whereby evaluated were also the mechanical properties of the soil profile in the inter-row using Penetrometry. The average structural coefficient in both variants ranged from 0.96 to 2.42. Soil with values ​​lower than 1.0 is below the structural stability, thus reducing the quality of the soil environment in terms of both physical and chemical properties. The resulting values ​​of density of the soil at both sites are between 1.35 to 1.52 g.cm−3, which also shows its unsatisfactory condition. Penetration resistance of soil located in the tire tracks on both sites values ​​from 2.7 to 2.9 MPa, which according to the scale of classes determined by (Arshad, 1996), corresponds with high values. The distribution of soil penetration resistance on soil maps show that in terms of the implementation of mechanized operations, it is preferable to use the portal carrier.

Keywords

• soil
• vineyard
• soil structure
• penetration resistance
• soil map
• tractor