Formation and Organization of Activities of Fire Brigades in Cities of Yenisei Province in Second Half of 19^th — Early 20^th Centuries

Abstract

The process of formation and organization of the activities of fire brigades in the cities of the Yenisei province in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries is studied. The time frame for their creation, funding, as well as the level of training of firefighters, living conditions and service have been specified. It is shown that Krasnoyarsk organized fire fighting, focusing on Moscow and St. Petersburg, and county towns, in turn, followed the example and under the supervision of the provincial city. It is shown that due to the fact that cities arose here as administrative centers, and not as commercial and industrial centers, they were distinguished by such features as low population, the peasant way of life of the bulk of the townspeople, budget deficits, and underdevelopment of the urban economy. It is noted that city governments managed to create permanent fire brigades only by the end of the 19th century. It is alleged that the lack of funding determined their poor technical equipment, low pay and unfavorable working conditions for firefighters. It is emphasized that there was no professional training system in the region, specialists from European Russia traveled to Siberia extremely reluctantly. It is concluded that the First World War significantly exacerbated all existing problems.

Keywords

• городское управление
• енисейская губерния
• пожарные команды
• первая мировая война
• российская империя