Bìznes Inform (Jul 2020)
Approaches to Development of the Category of «International Innovation Cluster»
Abstract
The last decade of the international economy was marked by the emergence of industry 4.0 – a fundamentally new concept of functioning of society, which requires countries to update material and technical base, intensify the scientific-technical research and create the breakthrough technologies on the basis of sustainable development. The issue becomes especially relevant for developing countries, which must form their own adaptive mechanisms and instruments for the process of innovative development of their economies. One of the instruments for turning the economy innovative, which has already proved its high efficiency in the most developed countries, is the cluster approach. Also, the most progressive form of cluster associations is the international innovation cluster, whose main goal is to create, implement, promote and commercialize the innovative solutions. However, despite the wide range of scientific works and studies on the cluster theory, the identification of the essence of both the cluster per se and the international innovation cluster has not received the unambiguous coverage among foreign and domestic scientists, which hinders the development and implementation of the complex concept of the cluster’s efficient functioning in Ukraine. That is why the purpose of this study is the author’s own constructing of the categories of «cluster» and «international innovation cluster». The study resulted in formulation of the category of «international innovation cluster», which refers to the network of interrelated institutions around the world with the dominant role of research or educational institution, which carry out common research and innovative activities and are involved in the international transfer of technology to obtain synergy and increase competitiveness on the basis of sustainable development. The formed category will allow to propose new models and mechanisms of cluster functioning in order to increase its sustainability and efficiency on the basis of sustainable development.
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