A Review on Electroencephalogram Based Brain Computer Interface for Elderly Disabled

Abstract

Lack of communication causes problems for patients with neurodegenerative diseases, so the need for alternative methods is required to convey their thoughts with caretakers, friends, and family members. Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a device to control external devices by using mental thoughts without any other muscle movements to improve the communication quality for the disabled individual without any other help. The techniques of measuring electrical signal around the scalp during some activities by using electrodes are called electroencephalogram (EEG). By combining these two technologies together to form a brain-computer interaction, this helps the paralyzed individual to communicate with others to share the thoughts. In this paper, we deal with the history of EEG, electrode placements with measurements, and signal ranges, and also further discussed some of the prominent studies completed in designing BCI using EEG. This helps the new researchers to know the EEG measurement and position completely and paved the new way to create EEG-based interface research.

Keywords

• Electroencephalogram
• spinal cord injury
• locked in state
• artificial neural network
• brain computer interface
• support vector machine