Systemic lupus erythematosus and beta-thalassemia trait

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that predominantly affects women of child-bearing age. The prevalence of beta-thalassemia in patients with SLE is lesser than the general population. When these two conditions coexist, however, SLE seems to have a more severe course. The following case report deals with a 34-year-old female who presented with severe dimorphic anemia and a positive direct Coombs test. On further evaluation, she was diagnosed with SLE based on a positive antineutrophilic antibody report and anti-Smith antibodies. A hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis was ordered for in view of the normal iron profile which revealed beta-thalassemia trait. An improvement in Hb and platelet counts was noted after initiating steroids. Although most hematological abnormalities are due to the disease (SLE) itself, it is important to remember that other causes such as thalassemia may coexist.

Keywords

• beta-thalassemia trait
• coombs test
• dimorphic anemia
• systemic lupus erythematosus