Neurosarcoidosis

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology. Although it usually affects lungs and hilar lymph nodes, lesions can also affect other organs, including the organs of the nervous system. Five–fifteen percent of sarcoidosis patients are diagnosed with diverse neurological symptoms, in most cases the cranial nerves and meninges. Parenchymal lesions in the cerebrum, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and muscles are less common. Such a complex symtomatology causes numerous diagnostic problems, especially in cases beginning with neurological symptoms. The diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is based on clinical signs, radiological techniques, examination of cerebrospinal fluid and histopathological examination confirming the presence of non-caseating granulomas. The treatment in neurosarcoidosis is difficult and depends on the manifestation of the disease. Adrenal corticosteroids are commonly used.

Keywords

• sarcoidosis
• neurological symptoms
• diagnosis
• differential diagnosis