Development and Evaluation of Ebastine-Loaded Transfersomal Nanogel for the Treatment of Urticaria (Autoimmune Disease)

Abstract

Urticaria is an autoimmune disease and many patients are suffering from it. This research aims to investigate the development and characterization of an Ebastine-loaded transfersomal nanogel for the enhancement of bioavailability in the treatment of urticaria. The flexible transfersomes, consisting of the drug Ebastine, soya lecithin, and edge activator Tween 80, were prepared using the thin-film hydration method. The transfersomal nanogel was formulated by using the dispersion method and a suitable concentration of the gelling agent Carbopol 934. The transfersomes and their gel were evaluated for various parameters. The Ebastine-loaded transfersomes showed the highest entrapment efficiency, up to 79.92%. The polydispersity index (PDI) of the transfersomes was determined to be 0.103, and the zeta potential was determined to be −18.9 mV, indicating that the formulation was stable. The drug content of the transfersome gel was found to be 83.67%. The transfersomal gel formed using 1% Carbopol 934 showed the best results, showing in vitro release for up to 8 h and following a zero-order kinetic model. As per the microbial studies conducted, the Ebastine transfersomal gel has a good anti-microbial effect against S. aureus. These vesicular transfersomes are more flexible than other vesicular systems, making them excellent for skin penetration. In the future, this will be the best possible approach for the delivery of drugs via the transdermal route.

Keywords

• urticaria
• ebastine
• Carbopol 934
• <i>S. aureus</i>