Ferrocene-Based Porous Organic Polymer (FPOP): Synthesis, Characterization and an Electrochemical Study
Željko Petrovski,
Mateus P. Moreira,
Andreia F. M. Santos,
Sunny K. S. Freitas,
Noémi Jordão,
Renata A. Maia,
Ana V. M. Nunes,
Luis C. Branco,
Hugo Cruz,
Pierre M. Esteves
Affiliations
Željko Petrovski
Instituto de Química—UFRJ Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, n° 149, Bloco A—7° andar Centro de Tecnologia—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Mateus P. Moreira
Instituto de Química—UFRJ Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, n° 149, Bloco A—7° andar Centro de Tecnologia—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Andreia F. M. Santos
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Sunny K. S. Freitas
Instituto de Química—UFRJ Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, n° 149, Bloco A—7° andar Centro de Tecnologia—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Noémi Jordão
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Renata A. Maia
Instituto de Química—UFRJ Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, n° 149, Bloco A—7° andar Centro de Tecnologia—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Ana V. M. Nunes
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Luis C. Branco
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Hugo Cruz
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Pierre M. Esteves
Instituto de Química—UFRJ Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, n° 149, Bloco A—7° andar Centro de Tecnologia—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
Ferrocene-based porous organic polymers (FPOPs) were prepared from phenol-formaldehyde polymer (Bakelite) and phenol as starting materials; and two possible mechanisms for polymerization were discussed. Solid-state 13C CP-MAS NMR, FTIR, powder XRD, elemental analysis and ICP (Fe, Na, B) were performed to characterize the prepared materials. The two synthetic approaches produced polymers with different pore sizes: the FPOP synthesized through Bakelite presented a higher surface area (52 m2 g−1) when compared to the one obtained by the bottom-up polymerization from phenol (only 5 m2 g−1). Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the material, which decomposed at 350 °C. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the new FPOP on modified electrodes, in ACN and 0.1 M TBAP as an electrolyte, showed fully reversible electron transfer, which is similar to that observed for the ferrocene probe dissolved in the same electrolyte. As a proof-of-concept for an electrochromic device, this novel material was also tested, with a color change detected between yellow/brownish coloration (reduced form) and green/blue coloration (oxidized form). The new hybrid FPOP seems very promising for material science, energy storage and electrochromic applications, as well as for plastic degradation.
