Psychology Research and Behavior Management (Feb 2023)
Changes in Depression Among Adolescents: A Multiple-Group Latent Profile Transition Analysis
Abstract
Guangming Li,1,2 Juan Liu,2 Haiying Wen,3 Qiyun Shen4 1Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Fashion Design, Guangdong Province Technician College of Light Industry, Guangzhou, 510315, People’s Republic of China; 4Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guangming Li, Email [email protected]: Depression of adolescents is an important public health problem. Persistent depression will become a huge hidden danger of individual mental health development. It is important to study the change mechanism of adolescents’ depression.Methods: A total of 563 males and 739 females aged 11– 19 years reported their depression. 1302 adolescents participated in a short-term 6-month longitudinal study. They were contacted every three months for two follow-up tests (T2 and T3). Participants completed internet addiction test, self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale. Multiple-group latent profile transition analysis (MLPTA) was used to identify meaningful subgroups and transitions between groups across time. Covariates (anxiety and internet addiction) were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results: The results showed that: (1) There are three categories of adolescents’ depression, namely no-depression group, low-depression-mountain group and low-depression-hill group. (2) The depression of the subjects showed a trend of improvement, but the proportion of low-depression-mountain group is relatively high at three time points (0.44, 0.59, and 0.30). (3) The transition probability between the low-depression-mountain group and the no-depression group is large, which suggests the low-depression-mountain group can easily convert into the no-depression group, but the transition probability from low-depression-hill group to other groups is relatively low and stable, which suggests the low-depression-hill group is not easily converted into the no-depression group. (4) Both anxiety and internet addiction affect the development of adolescents’ depression across three time points. Anxiety played a significant role in affecting female adolescents’ depression, while internet addiction played a significant role in affecting male adolescents’ depression.Conclusion: This study demonstrated a transition pattern in adolescents’ depression. We should pay more attention to the low-depression-mountain group and try to do their mental health well. Adolescents’ Depression changes rapidly with anxiety and internet addiction for different genders, which suggests that some interventions are needed.Keywords: adolescents, depression, multiple-group latent profile transition analysis, anxiety, internet addiction
