SEIR model for COVID-19 dynamics incorporating the environment and social distancing

Abstract

Abstract Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic respiratory illness spreading from person-to-person caused by a novel coronavirus and poses a serious public health risk. The goal of this study was to apply a modified susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) compartmental mathematical model for prediction of COVID-19 epidemic dynamics incorporating pathogen in the environment and interventions. The next generation matrix approach was used to determine the basic reproduction number $$R_0$$ R 0 . The model equations are solved numerically using fourth and fifth order Runge–Kutta methods. Results We found an $$R_0$$ R 0 of 2.03, implying that the pandemic will persist in the human population in the absence of strong control measures. Results after simulating various scenarios indicate that disregarding social distancing and hygiene measures can have devastating effects on the human population. The model shows that quarantine of contacts and isolation of cases can help halt the spread on novel coronavirus.

Keywords

• SEIR model
• COVID-19 dynamics
• Social distancing
• Mathematical model
• Basic reproduction number
• Runge–Kutta method