Cognitive impairment associated with chronic cerebrovascular disease and treatment options to be used at pre-dementia stages

Abstract

Cerebrovascular diseases are among the most frequent nosological forms of modern neurology. One of the most important components of their clinical picture is cognitive impairment. At the same time, the most frequent is the development of mild and moderate cognitive disorders. This is especially true for the initial stages of the disease. The pathogenetic basis of the violation of higher cortical functions is a complex of pathophysiological and pathochemical reactions formed within the cascade of ischemic damage to the brain substance. One of the central places among them is occupied by the development of energy deficiency due to a decrease in ATP synthesis and the formation of oxidative stress. This makes it necessary to prescribe pharmacological drugs that can have a multimodal effect. Among such drugs, idebenone is distinguished, which can stimulate the mitochondrial respiratory chain and, in addition, exhibits antioxidant properties. which has demonstrated its effectiveness in the treatment of pre-segment cognitive impairment in patients with cerebrovascular pathology, especially in the framework of combined administration with drugs having other mechanisms of action.

Keywords

• small vessel diseases
• dyscirculatory encephalopathy
• cerebrovascular diseases
• cognitive impairment
• oxidative stress
• idebenone
• mitochondria
• dementia