THE BRAZILIAN BIODIESEL PROGRAM AND FAMILY FARMERS: WHAT IS THE SOCIAL INCLUSION REALITY IN THE BRAZILIAN SAVANNAH? O PROGRAMA BRASILEIRO DE BIODIESEL E OS AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES: QUAL É A REALIDADE DA INCLUSÃO SOCIAL NO CERRADO?

Abstract

<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Biofuel production has been greatly discussed in Brazil. In 2004, some debates led the country to develop new policies and implement the National Biodiesel Use and Production Program (PNPB), with the intent to increase the share of renewable energy and foster rural development. In this context, the present study aims to assess the linkages between family farmers living standard and the adoption of oil seed activity in the Tocantins State, in a region of transition between the <em>Cerrado</em> (Brazilian savannah) and the Amazon rain forest. Ranges of socio-economic indicators were collected among smallholders who cultivate <em>Jatropha curcas</em> and <em>Ricinus communis</em>. A factor analysis based on living standard criteria and a non-linear <em>probit </em>model were applied to assess the inclusion of poor rural families in the biodiesel chain. Preliminary results point towards a positive relation between the family degree of deprivation and adoption of oil seed activity, for the <em>Ricinus communis</em> production, and a negative relation, for the <em>Jatropha curcas</em> production. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-US">KEY-WORDS:</span><span lang="en-US"><strong> </strong></span><span lang="en-US">Brazilian biodiesel program; family farmers; social inclusion; </span><span lang="en-US"><em>Cerrado</em></span><span lang="en-US">.</span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">A produ&ccedil;&atilde;o de biocombust&iacute;veis tem sido fortemente discutida no Brasil, levando o Pa&iacute;s a desenvolver pol&iacute;ticas e implementar, no ano de 2004, o Programa Nacional de Produ&ccedil;&atilde;o e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB), a fim de aumentar a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o de energias renov&aacute;veis, bem como fomentar o desenvolvimento rural. Neste contexto, o presente estudo busca avaliar a rela&ccedil;&atilde;o entre a condi&ccedil;&atilde;o de vida dos agricultores e a ado&ccedil;&atilde;o do cultivo de oleaginosas no Estado do Tocantins, em uma regi&atilde;o de transi&ccedil;&atilde;o entre o Cerrado e a Floresta Amaz&ocirc;nica. Uma gama de indicadores socioecon&ocirc;micos foram coletados entre os agricultores que cultivam </span><span style="color: #111111;"><span style="font-size: small;">pinh</span></span><span style="font-size: small;">&atilde;</span><span style="color: #111111;"><span style="font-size: small;">o manso e mamona. A</span></span><em><span style="font-size: small;">n&aacute;lise fatorial baseada na</span></em><span style="font-size: small;"> condi&ccedil;&atilde;o de vida dos agricultores e um modelo n&atilde;o-linear </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>probit</em></span><span style="font-size: small;"> foram utilizados para avaliar a inclus&atilde;o de fam&iacute;lias rurais pobres na cadeia do biodiesel. Os </span><span style="color: #111111;"><span style="font-size: small;">resultados preliminares mostram </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">uma </span><span style="color: #111111;"><span style="font-size: small;">rela</span></span><span style="font-size: small;">&ccedil;&atilde;o positiva entre o n&iacute;vel de priva&ccedil;&atilde;o da fam&iacute;lia e a ado&ccedil;&atilde;o do cultivo de oleaginosas, no caso da produ&ccedil;&atilde;o de </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Ricinus communis</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">, e uma rela&ccedil;&atilde;o negativa, no caso da produ&ccedil;&atilde;o de </span><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Jatropha curcas</em></span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Programa Brasileiro de Biodiesel; agricultores familiares; inclus&atilde;o social; Cerrado.</span></span></span></p>

Keywords

• Programa Brasileiro de Biodiesel
• agricultores familiares
• inclusão social
• Cerrado