Біоекономіка та аграрний бізнес (Dec 2019)
Development of bioenergy in Ukraine
Abstract
Economic, environmental and social development needs to be changed today. The development of bioeconomics has a major impact on business, science and society, as it is the driving force behind the transition to the introduction of environmentally safe production based on renewable resources. The article is nsideration of opportunities and prospects of bioenergy development in the world and in Ukraine as an alternative source of energy. An estimation of dynamics of use of non-renewable energy resources in the world is conducted. In 2017 there is an increase in carbon dioxide emissions. This is due to the economic growth of the countries of the world, which led to changes in the structure of energy consumption. Increasing energy consumption has led to an increase in demand for all energy, including coal, oil and gas. The state and prospects of renewable energy development in Ukraine are determined. The structure of energy consumption on the basis of renewable energy sources is analyzed and it is established that bioenergy occupies the largest share, which has a positive effect on the state of the environm. The energy strategy of Ukraine to 2035 envisages reaching the amount of energy produced from renewable energy sources up to 25% in the overall structure. The main tools of the state regulation influence on bioenergetics development are determined. There are the maintenance of a green tariff for electricity generated from alternative sources and the application of the carbon dioxide tax. The application of these instruments of state regulation of bioeconomy development can serve as an incentive to reduce emissions and at the same time provide compensation for environmental and economic losses. The influence of the development of renewable energy sources on the carbon productivity of GDP in Ukraine is determined. It is concluded that one of the ways of reducing pressure on the environment and reducing the impact of human activities on climate change is the development of bioeconomics, in particular bioenergy, which uses renewable resources for the production of electricity, heat and fuel.
