ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOSANITARY CONDITION IN GRAIN LEGUME CROPS CULTIVATION IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION

Abstract

The article presents the data on weed infestation and root rot of legume crops (soybean, pea, lupine, and chickpea). Pea crops were the most competitive against the weed component of agrophytocenoses. Reduction of weed infestation was greatest in the variants with deep tillage – up to 25-27 cm, in comparison with minimal tillage (12-14 cm); thus, the amount of weeds in the soybean crops decreased by 24.4, in the pea crops – 24.0, in lupine – 13.5, and in chickpea – by 16.7 %. Seed treatment of legume crops with Delit Pro 0,5 l/ha (pyraclastrobin, 200 g/l) + Extrasol 1 l/ha (Bacillus subtilis, Ch-13 strain) reduced the incidence of root rot compared to the control variant, and the biological efficiency of seed treatment was 91,5% (for chickpea) to 96,2% (for pea). It was found that reduction of weed infestation is a more significant factor affecting the yield of legume crops than the degree of root rot, and optimizing the negative effects of these leads to an increase in productivity to a greater or lesser extent. Yield retention in soybean as a result of adaptive-integrated plant protection was 0.22 t/ha, in pea – 0.27, in lupine – 0.23, and in chickpea – 0.16 t/ha.

Keywords

• legume crops
• tillage
• plant protection
• crop yield
• weed infestation
• root rot