Non-Coding RNA-Based Biosensors for Early Detection of Liver Cancer
Sedigheh Falahi,
Hossain-Ali Rafiee-Pour,
Mashaalah Zarejousheghani,
Parvaneh Rahimi,
Yvonne Joseph
Affiliations
Sedigheh Falahi
Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
Hossain-Ali Rafiee-Pour
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan 8731753153, Iran
Mashaalah Zarejousheghani
Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
Parvaneh Rahimi
Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
Yvonne Joseph
Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
Primary liver cancer is an aggressive, lethal malignancy that ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its 5-year mortality rate is estimated to be more than 95%. This significant low survival rate is due to poor diagnosis, which can be referred to as the lack of sufficient and early-stage detection methods. Many liver cancer-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been extensively examined to serve as promising biomarkers for precise diagnostics, prognostics, and the evaluation of the therapeutic progress. For the simple, rapid, and selective ncRNA detection, various nanomaterial-enhanced biosensors have been developed based on electrochemical, optical, and electromechanical detection methods. This review presents ncRNAs as the potential biomarkers for the early-stage diagnosis of liver cancer. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of recent developments in nanobiosensors for liver cancer-related ncRNA detection is provided.
