Novel biolubricant synthesis: Enhancing the composition of used cooking oil and Callophyllum inophyllum oil by utilizing infrared heating method

Bela Nurulita; Taufiq Bin Nur; Arridina Susan Silitonga; Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah; Deswita; Md Abul Kalam; Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli; Abdi Hanra Sebayang; Sihar Siahaan; Munawar Alfansury

Results in Engineering (Dec 2024)

Novel biolubricant synthesis: Enhancing the composition of used cooking oil and Callophyllum inophyllum oil by utilizing infrared heating method

Bela Nurulita,
Taufiq Bin Nur,
Arridina Susan Silitonga,
Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah,
Deswita,
Md Abul Kalam,
Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli,
Abdi Hanra Sebayang,
Sihar Siahaan,
Munawar Alfansury

Affiliations

Bela Nurulita: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Center of Renewable Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, 20155, Medan, Indonesia
Taufiq Bin Nur: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
Arridina Susan Silitonga: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; Center of Renewable Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, 20155, Medan, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
Deswita: National Innovation and Research Agency, BRIN Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong, Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
Md Abul Kalam: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
Abdi Hanra Sebayang: Center of Renewable Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, 20155, Medan, Indonesia
Sihar Siahaan: Center of Renewable Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, 20155, Medan, Indonesia
Munawar Alfansury: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, 20238, Medan, Indonesia

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 24
p. 103343

Abstract

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This study presents a novel biolubricant synthesis method using infrared heating to produce biolubricant from a blend of used cooking oil and Calophyllum inophyllum oil (UCOCI). Response Surface Methodology was applied to optimize the polyesterification process, varying reaction time, ethylene glycol (EG) to UCOCI methyl ester ratio, and sodium methoxide concentration. The predicted biolubricant yield was 94.30 %, closely matching the experimental yield of 94.03 %. The quadratic response model demonstrated a strong fit (R² = 0.9979). Physicochemical and tribological properties were evaluated and compared to SAE 15-W40 lubricant. UCOCI biolubricant showed an acid value of 0.46 mg KOH/g, viscosities of 83.46 cSt at 40 °C and 13.2 cSt at 100 °C, and a viscosity index of 216.32. Friction coefficients of UCOCI biolubricant blends (Biol10 to Biol50) ranged from 0.1091 to 0.071, all lower than SAE 15W-40. The wear scar diameters for these blends (0.140 to 0.100 mm) were also significantly smaller than SAE 15W-40 (0.549 mm). The superior lubricating properties suggest UCOCI biolubricant's potential for use in heavy-duty engines and as a natural additive.

Published in Results in Engineering

ISSN: 2590-1230 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Technology
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/results-in-engineering

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