Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To investigate the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)D3] in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and to investigate the relationship between 25-(OH)D3 levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Methods We included 129 children and adolescents with T1DM who visited the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism & Gastroenterology of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to December 2021 (T1DM group). They were divided into two subgroups according to HbA1c levels: patients with good glycemic control (group A, HbA1c<7.5%) and those with poor glycemic control (group B, HbA1c≥7.5%). Thirty-three healthy children and adolescents were selected as control group. The general data and serum calcium, phosphorus, 25-(OH)D3, and HbA1c levels of the subjects were collected. Results The T1DM group showed a significantly lower body mass index and significantly lower serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-(OH)D3 levels than the control group (t=-15.665--3.679,P<0.05). The 25-(OH)D3 level in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (t=3.857,P<0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that decreased 25-(OH)D3 levels were a risk factor for poor blood sugar control in children and adolescents with T1DM (OR=1.141,95%CI=1.051-1.239,P<0.05). Conclusion Children and adolescents with T1DM have decreased 25-(OH)D3 levels compared with healthy children and adolescents, and the decrease may be closely related to poor blood glucose control. It is necessary for children and adolescents with T1DM to supplement vitamin D and strengthen blood glucose management.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus, type 1|vitamin d deficiency|glycated hemoglobin a|calcifediol|calcium