Construction and validation of the preliminary version of the pictorial-computer test for executive functions

Abstract

Background: Executive functions are a set of high-level cognitive processes that, by influencing low-level processes, enable individuals to direct their thoughts and actions. Despite the importance of measuring executive functions Many current tests of executive function are complex, have limited reliability and validity, and suffer from task impurity. Aims: The purpose of this project was to develop a novel set of executive function test based on the integrated model of executive function. Methods: The sample consisted of 115 students (18 girls and 97 boys) who were selected by cluster random sampling from 16 and 6 urban areas of Tehran (M=9.2 years; SD=1.7). central nervous system vital signs test was used to evaluate the validity of the test. Pearson correlation tests and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The reliability of the main scores of the subtests was mainly calculated in a significant range (p<0.05). Also, the concurrent validity of the test using the correlation showed a significant correlation. The calculated coefficients for the snake and ladder, gift box, school bag, special route, mannequins, cards, apples, ball and rocket and hands are equal to 0.61, respectively, 0.53, 0.41, 0.79, 0.54, 0.38, 0.66, 0.60 and 0.39. Exploratory factor analysis identified three factors: updating, shifting, and inhibition. The results of confirmatory factor analysis also indicated a good fit of the mode. Conclusion: The pictorial-computer test of executive functions has outstanding features for measuring students' executive functions.

Keywords

• executive functions
• updating
• working memory
• shifting
• inhibition