Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Healthy and Life Science School, Pontifical Catholic University, PUCRS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
André Luiz Becker
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Healthy and Life Science School, Pontifical Catholic University, PUCRS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
Deise Nascimento de Freitas
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Healthy and Life Science School, Pontifical Catholic University, PUCRS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
Rafael F. Zanin
Department of Health and Human Development, La Salle University, Canoas 92010-000, RS, Brazil
Renato T. Stein
Infant Center, Medical School, Pontifical Catholic University, PUCRS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
Ana Paula Duarte de Souza
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Healthy and Life Science School, Pontifical Catholic University, PUCRS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
The generation of memory is a cardinal feature of the adaptive immune response, involving different factors in a complex process of cellular differentiation. This process is essential for protecting the second encounter with pathogens and is the mechanism by which vaccines work. Epigenetic changes play important roles in the regulation of cell differentiation events. There are three types of epigenetic regulation: DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA expression. One of these epigenetic changes, DNA methylation, occurs in cytosine residues, mainly in CpG dinucleotides. This brief review aimed to analyse the literature to verify the involvement of DNA methylation during memory T and B cell development. Several studies have highlighted the importance of the DNA methyltransferases, enzymes that catalyse the methylation of DNA, during memory differentiation, maintenance, and function. The methylation profile within different subsets of naïve activated and memory cells could be an interesting tool to help monitor immune memory response.
