Investigation of the Efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate, Mebendazole, Albendazole, and Ivermectin against <i>Baylisascaris schroederi</i> in Captive Giant Pandas
Yaxian Lu,
Linhua Deng,
Zhiwei Peng,
Mengchao Zhou,
Chengdong Wang,
Lei Han,
Shan Huang,
Ming Wei,
Rongping Wei,
Lihong Tian,
Desheng Li,
Zhijun Hou
Affiliations
Yaxian Lu
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Linhua Deng
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Zhiwei Peng
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Mengchao Zhou
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Chengdong Wang
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Lei Han
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Shan Huang
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Ming Wei
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Rongping Wei
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Lihong Tian
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Desheng Li
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan 611843, China
Zhijun Hou
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Baylisascaris schroederi is one of the main health risks threatening both wild and captive giant pandas. The administration of anthelmintics is a common method to effectively control B. schroederi infection, but there is a notable risk of anthelmintic resistance (AR) after long-term, constant use of anthelmintics. Four anthelmintics—pyrantel pamoate (PYR), mebendazole (MBZ), albendazole (ABZ), and ivermectin (IVM)—were each administered separately at intervals of 2 months to 22 enrolled giant pandas. The fecal egg count reduction (FECR) proportions were calculated by both the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Bayesian mathematical model and the arithmetic mean. AR was assessed based on the criteria recommended by the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP). The estimated prevalence of B. schroederi infection was 34.1%. After treatment with PYR, MBZ, ABZ, and IVM, it was determined that MBZ, ABZ, and IVM were efficacious against B. schroederi, while nematodes were suspected to be resistant to PYR according to the fecal egg count reduction (FECR) proportions.
