A copula-based approach to instream ecological flow determination considering inter- and intra-annual runoff variability

Abstract

Instream ecological flow (IEF) provides a flow reference value for maintaining the stability of river ecosystems and enriching biodiversity. Existing methods for determining the IEF often consider only one of the intra-annual runoff distribution characteristics or the inter-annual runoff distribution characteristics. In this study, a copula-based ecological runoff determination method is proposed to consider both annual and monthly runoff magnitudes. The marginal distribution functions of annual and monthly runoff are first determined using the maximum likelihood method. Then the copula function is used to construct the joint distribution function of annual and monthly runoff series. Using the flow duration curve method, the IEF under different annual and monthly runoff exceedance probabilities is calculated. The probability values are combined with the initial IEF values to determine the final IEF process. A case study is conducted using real-world data from the Tongtian River in China. The results show that the total annual basic ecological water demands of the Tongtian River in abundant, flat, and dry water years are 138, 102 and 72.2 billion m3. The proposed method effectively avoids the disturbance of extreme runoff. HIGHLIGHTS An innovative ecological runoff determination method is proposed to consider both annual and monthly runoff magnitudes.; Copula functions are used to construct the joint distribution function of annual and monthly runoff series.; A case study is conducted using real-world data of the Tongtian River in China.;

Keywords

• bayesian inference
• copula
• determination of ief
• instream ecological flow
• inter- and intra-annual variability