Impact of Climate Variability on Crop Yield in Pune District: A Comprehensive Study

Abstract

Since the Industrial Revolution, deforestation, agricultural practices, and human emissions of greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels are responsible to global warming and climate change. Higher temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, shifts in the frequency and distribution of meteorological events including droughts, storms, floods, and heat waves, sea level rise, and resulting effects on human and ecological systems are only a few of the observed and projected changes in the climate. One of the biggest environmental problems the world is now experiencing is climate change. The paper investigates how three important crops and farmer livelihoods in the State of Maharashtra are impacted by climate change. Due to climate change, farmers in Central and Eastern Maharashtra are already facing challenges. The research highlights the existing issues and potential hazards faced by farmers in the state based on an examination of climate data (combining historical climate data analysis and future estimates), farmer interviews, and secondary literature assessments. The study’s findings are meant to enable adaptation plans that would reduce farmer susceptibility to climate change in Pune district of Maharashtra. Determining which mitigation techniques farmers may use will depend on their understanding of the current situation and their awareness of the specific threats the future holds. Also this study’s objective was to discover how accessible soya been, and Crops of wheat were severely impacted by local weather patterns within each of its major development phases.