Journal Of Babylon Center For Humanities Studies (Apr 2021)
دور حزب العمال البريطاني في معالجة الأزمات الداخلية 1922-1926 British Labor Party members activism in handling internal crises 1922-1926
Abstract
After the First World War, Britain went through foreign and internal political changes and developments before setting a date for holding the British House of Commons elections for the year 1922. The Foreign Ministry included the treaty signed by the British government of Lloyd George with the Free Ireland State on December 6, 1921, which stipulated that Northern Ireland and its capital, Belvas, would remain in union with the British Crown. As for Southern Ireland and its capital Dublin, it enjoys freedom and autonomy, and this is what provoked the Conservative Party against the policy of the President The government was Lloyd George because he lost (the General Union Decree of the year 1800). As for the internal variables, they were represented in reducing the number of seats in the House of Commons from 709 to 615 after the cancellation of the representation of representatives for Northern and Southern Ireland, and in the face of these developments the government of Lloyd George was overthrown on October 19, 1922 and assigned To Andrew Bonarlo, who set November 16, 1922 as the date for the elections, which resulted in the Conservative Party winning 345 seats, and after them the Labor Party, which won 142 seats. Among its members was Clement Attlee, who won from Limehouse with 9,688 votes ahead of his rival William Pierce. Who got 7789 votes. The new session of the British House of Commons began its work by discussing the internal conditions and crises of Britain, including the unemployment and housing crisis, especially after the number of unemployed in 1920-1922 reached approximately 2170,000, or 13.1% in 1920, and increased to reach in 1922 by 15.2%. As well as discussing the housing crisis from which thousands of Britons have not been able to find homes, especially Limehouse, and in front of the appeals of members of the House of Commons, including Clement Attlee, the government has established approximately 35,380 homes for the toiling class of workers out of a total of 99280 who do not own a home. Members of the House of Commons discussed the unemployment problem and as a result of these appeals, Stanley Baldwin's government responded 1923-1924, which succeeded Bonnarlo, legislating the housing regulation that encouraged private companies to build quickly while employing workers to reduce the problem of unemployment. In order for the state to seek public ownership of the means of production and to push back the independence of the capitalists and thus the government agreed to raise the wages of miners to 30% and reduce the working hours to 48 hours per week after it was 56 hours and during the years 1924-1926 the British government took care of the issue of the electricity crisis by forming a committee The electrical energy within the House of Commons, which referred it to private sector companies in cooperation with the local authorities and with the Central Board (CEB), in order to generate electricity not only for lighting, but to operate machines and all devices in hospitals.
