A Major QTL is associated with berry grape texture characteristics

Abstract

Berry texture and berry skin mechanical properties are traits with high agronomic relevance, because they are related to quality parameters and marketing requirements of wine, table, and raisin grapes. Searching for QTLs linked to berry texture, a F1 population of 152 individuals and their parents were used in this study. These F1 plants were obtained crossing ‘Raboso Veronese’, a seeded black wine grape cultivar and ‘Sultanina’, a seedless white grape variety, especially used for raisins. Density flotation was applied for berry sorting improving the management of many and highly variable genotypes, irrespective to the quantification of specific molecules classes. Berries were evaluated for technological ripeness parameters and mechanical properties. Texture parameters were taken as raw data and as data normalized on berry dimensions, i.e. berry diameter or surface or volume. SSR molecular markers were used to produce a genetic map and a major, strong QTL for berry texture was found on chromosome 18 with traits related to berry ‘firmness’ showing a phenotypical explained variance higher than 60%, and traits related to berry resilience, springiness and cohesiveness showing a variance higher than 50%. Surprisingly, this QTL showed to be associated with SSR markers linked to VvAGL11, the main gene linked to seedlessness. VvAGL11 expression and co-expression profiling during grape ripening was evaluated using available information; this data suggested a role for this gene on the texture of a ripe berry.

Keywords

• Vitis vinifera L.
• fruit quality
• flotation
• LG18
• VvAGL11
• MADS box genes