A Bioinspired Flexible Sensor for Electrochemical Probing of Dynamic Redox Disequilibrium in Cancer Cells

Abstract

Abstract Malignant tumors pose a serious risk to human health. Ascorbic acid (AA) has potential for tumor therapy; however, the mechanism underlying the ability of AA to selectively kill tumor cells remains unclear. AA can cause redox disequilibrium in tumor cells, resulting in the release of abundant reactive oxygen species, represented by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, the detection of H2O2 changes can provide insight into the selective killing mechanism of AA against tumor cells. In this work, inspired by the ion‐exchange mechanism in coral formation, a flexible H2O2 sensor (PtNFs/CoPi@CC) is constructed to monitor the dynamics of H2O2 in the cell microenvironment, which exhibits excellent sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution. Moreover, the findings suggest that dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), the oxidation product of AA, is highly possible the substance that actually acts on tumor cells in AA therapy. Additionally, the intracellular redox disequilibrium and H2O2 release caused by DHA are positively correlated with the abundance and activity of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). In conclusion, this work has revealed the potential mechanism underlying the ability of AA to selectively kill tumor cells through the construction and use of PtNFs/CoPi@CC. The findings provide new insights into the clinical application of AA.

Keywords

• ascorbic acid
• hydrogen peroxide
• ion‐exchange mechanisms
• metal–organic frameworks
• redox disequilibrium