Limited retromuscular fibrofatty tissue resection in upper blepharoplasty for senile patients

Abstract

Background Studies of eyelid anatomy suggest an absence of supratarsal folds and a redundancy of retromuscular tissue in many Asians. Aggressive retromuscular tissue resection during senile blepharoplasty can lead to complications such as hematoma and extra fold formation. A thin fold is considered aesthetically pleasing, but upper eyelid hollowness is undesirable. Therefore, senile blepharoplasty allows relatively little room for retromuscular resection. Methods Between January 2016 and March 2019, blepharoplasty without a brow procedure was performed in 48 patients aged 55 years and older. In some patients with thin eyelids, the upper retromuscular tissue was explored, and the surgeon decided intraoperatively whether to perform resection. In total, 36 of 48 patients underwent retromuscular tissue resection, which was confined to the central and lateral aspects of the eyelid within 7–10 mm from the incision in the superior direction to create a crisp, thin fold without hollowness. The skin was closed, with the closure including the levator palpebrae superioris (levator) muscle, to create a weak, natural-looking, and dynamic fold instead of the buried dermo-levator suture typically created during double eyelid surgery. Results In the 72 eyelids that underwent resection, hematoma or extra fold formation was absent. In all cases, thin folds were achieved without an increase in the hollowness of the upper eyelid. Most patients were satisfied with their natural-looking postoperative appearance. Conclusions When indicated, limited retromuscular resection is recommended in cases of senile blepharoplasty. The resection should be confined to the central and the lateral aspects of the eyelid, within 7–10 mm in the superior direction from the incision, to create a crisp thin fold without hollowness.

Keywords

• eyelids
• blepharoplasty
• orbit evisceration