EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF UROPATHOGENS CIRCULATING IN HYDERABAD, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Objectives: to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens circulating in the Hyderabad region. Methodology: A single midstream urine sample was collected by clean catch method from 119 outdoor and indoor patients attending various diagnostic centers across Hyderabad, during July 2012 to December 2012. Duplicate samples from the same patient were excluded. In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: Predominant isolate found in the present study was E. coli (57.14%), followed by Pseudomonas aureginosa (6.12%), Klebsiella pneumonia (4.08%), and Proteus mirabilis (4.08%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated varying patterns of susceptibilities against tested antibiotics. All E. coli isolates showed highest sensitivity against Amikacin (100%) followed by Fosfomycin (96.4%), Nitrofurantion (89.2%), and Amoxacillin plus Clavulanate, (82.1%). Amikacin showed 100% sensitivity against E. coli, P. aureginosa, K. pneumonia & P. mirabilis. Importantly, Amoxicillin plus Clavulanate showed comparable sensitivity patterns against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, and Enterococcus species, the most common uropathogens in the region. Furthermore, it was observed that 64.29% of the E. coli isolates were resistant to Co‑trimaxazole, which has previously been used as an antibiotic of choice for treatment of uropathogens. Conclusion: The commonest uropathogens in Hyderabad was E. coli and Pseudomonas aureginosa. Amikacin with highest sensitivity against multiple uropathogens, can be prescribed as the drug of choice in empirical treatment of UTIs. Furthermore, proper knowledge of susceptibility pattern of uropathogens is crucial in order to discourage the indiscriminate use of antibiotics as well as in formulating effective empiric therapy.