Clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients diagnosed with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Abel Santamaría General Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: acute myocardial infarction implies cardiac cell death due to ischemia due to an imbalance of perfusion-demand, constituting this disease one of the main causes of death in Cuba and in the world. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically the patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit of the Abel Santamaría General Hospital. 2019. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 70 patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, using the entire universe in the study. The data were obtained from the medical records, the variables were: age, sex, topography of the lesion, risk factors, clinical picture and hospital stay. Descriptive statistical methods were used with tables of distribution of absolute and relative frequencies. Results: there was a predominance of females with 51.4%, the age group most affected was 56-67 (32.9%). 33.3% of the patients presented as a risk factor suffering from arterial hypertension, the predominant symptom was chest pain with 75.7%, the ischemic lesion was more frequent in the lower face of the heart (41.4%) and 50% of the infarcted women were more than 7 days. Conclusions: Acute myocardial infarction is a frequent disease in people of advanced ages where arterial hypertension is identified as the main risk factor, manifesting a series of symptoms where precordial pain stands out, as well as the lesion on the lower face present in people of both sexes.

Keywords

• infarto agudo de miocardio
• factores de riesgo
• diagnostico
• aterosclerosis
• enfermedad de la arteria coronaria
• isquemia.