Normal renal size by body-surface-area renal volume using ultrasound in a population aged 0-18 years from Aguascalientes state, Mexico

Abstract

Introduction: No standardized measurements of normal renal size exist in the Mexican pediatric population. The aims of this study were to (1) determine renal volume by ultrasound (US) adjusted for body surface area to define normal renal size and (2) develop normality tables for body-surface-area renal volume (BSARV) for the population aged 0-18 years in the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a healthy population aged 0 to 18 years in the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico. The assessment was performed with renal US in grayscale. Age, height, sex, weight, and body surface area were recorded. The ultrasonographic parameters in both kidneys were length, volume, relative volume, and BSARV. Mean, standard deviation and 1 to 95 percentiles were calculated. Results: We included 1076 participants, 519 women, and 557 men. All had morphologically normal kidneys. There was a direct relationship between kidney length and age and height; the higher the age and height, the greater the kidney length. Normal kidney size according to the BSARV was 41.4 mL/m2 to 70.6 mL/m2 (10th and 90th percentiles, respectively) for the right kidney and 45.2 mL/m2 to 73.8 mL/m2 (10th and 90th percentiles, respectively) for the left kidney in both sexes, regardless of age and height. We defined normality charts of BSARV of the right and left kidney (percentiles 1 to 99) for the population aged 0-18 years. Conclusion: BSARV was the most accurate ultrasonographic parameter for kidney size in the Mexican population aged 0 to 18 years in one region of the country. BSARV is a simple and practical method for determining kidney size to assess normal kidney growth and development.

Keywords

• Ultrasound. Body surface area. Renal volume. Body-surface-area related renal volume.