Pyrazine and Phenazine Heterocycles: Platforms for Total Synthesis and Drug Discovery
Robert W. Huigens,
Beau R. Brummel,
Srinivasarao Tenneti,
Aaron T. Garrison,
Tao Xiao
Affiliations
Robert W. Huigens
Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
Beau R. Brummel
Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
Srinivasarao Tenneti
Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
Aaron T. Garrison
Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
Tao Xiao
Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
There are numerous pyrazine and phenazine compounds that demonstrate biological activities relevant to the treatment of disease. In this review, we discuss pyrazine and phenazine agents that have shown potential therapeutic value, including several clinically used agents. In addition, we cover some basic science related to pyrazine and phenazine heterocycles, which possess interesting reactivity profiles that have been on display in numerous cases of innovative total synthesis approaches, synthetic methodologies, drug discovery efforts, and medicinal chemistry programs. The majority of this review is focused on presenting instructive total synthesis and medicinal chemistry efforts of select pyrazine and phenazine compounds, and we believe these incredible heterocycles offer promise in medicine.