The characteristics and geological origin of high quality anthracite from coal seam No.5 of Xiaofalu, Yunnan province, China were studied based on the theories and methods of coal petrology, coal chemistry etc.The results showed that coal seam No.5 was characterized by extremely low ash yield of raw coal (Ad:the lowest value 1.49%).Compared with other typical anthracites in China, coal seam No.5 had higher hydrogen content (Hdaf:the highest were 3.22%~3.37%) and the highest free hydrogen content (2.95%~3.12%), as well as the lowest oxygen content (1.44%~2.27%).Bright coals were the main lithotype (79.8%).Subgroups with cell structure were the main maceral composition in both vitrinite and inertinite.The TPI and GI values of coal seam No.5 were 0.97~1.44 and 4.22~5.78 (> 4.00), respectively.
