Frontiers in Immunology (Sep 2021)

Mosaic Hemagglutinin-Based Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccines Induce Broad Protection Against Influenza B Virus Challenge in Mice

  • Yonghong Liu,
  • Shirin Strohmeier,
  • Irene González-Domínguez,
  • Jessica Tan,
  • Jessica Tan,
  • Viviana Simon,
  • Viviana Simon,
  • Viviana Simon,
  • Viviana Simon,
  • Florian Krammer,
  • Florian Krammer,
  • Adolfo García-Sastre,
  • Adolfo García-Sastre,
  • Adolfo García-Sastre,
  • Adolfo García-Sastre,
  • Adolfo García-Sastre,
  • Peter Palese,
  • Peter Palese,
  • Weina Sun

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.746447
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12

Abstract

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Influenza viruses undergo antigenic changes in the immuno-dominant hemagglutinin (HA) head domain, necessitating annual re-formulation of and re-vaccination with seasonal influenza virus vaccines for continuing protection. We previously synthesized mosaic HA (mHA) proteins of influenza B viruses which redirect the immune response towards the immuno-subdominant conserved epitopes of the HA via sequential immunization. As ~90% of current influenza virus vaccines are manufactured using the inactivated virus platform, we generated and sequentially vaccinated mice with inactivated influenza B viruses displaying either the homologous (same B HA backbones) or the heterologous (different B HA backbones) mosaic HAs. Both approaches induced long-lasting and cross-protective antibody responses showing strong antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. We believe the B virus mHA vaccine candidates represent a major step towards a universal influenza B virus vaccine.

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