MICROFLORA OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT IN PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBIOTICS BASED ON A 15-YEAR FOLLOW-UP (2000–2015 YEARS)

Abstract

Chronic lower respiratory tract infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is the major factor determining the severity of the clinical course and prognosis of the disease. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevailing respiratory microflora in patients with CF and changes in the activity of antibacterial medicines (ABM) during the period 2000–2015 in order to optimize guidelines for antibiotic therapy. Bronchial secretion was evaluated in CF patients from 2000 till 2015. 9774 samples were studied, 16.703 microbial strains were obtained. In 2000–2015, P. aeruginosa (smooth and mucoid morphological types) was the most widespread gram-negative strain. Typical strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated more often than mucoid morphotypes. In 2000–2015, isolation rates for P. aeruginosa decreased from 41.2 to 20.0% (p <0.001). The proportion of B. cepacia complex increased from 1.1 to 7.3%, up to 11.3% in 2008–2011, and a rise in the proportion A. xylosoxidans was registered from 2.9 to 4.9% (p <0.001). During the follow-up period, the diversity of isolated species has grown.ABM such as colistin (active against 100% of strains), carbapenems (imipenem is active against 70.3–72.2% of strains, and meropenem against 75.8 and 78.9%) remain active against P. aeruginosa. The effect of piperacillin/tazobactam is similar to that of carbapenems. Cefepime is less effective than ceftazidime. Fluoroquinolones and tobramycin also remian active.

Keywords

• cystic fibrosis
• microflora
• antibiotics
• resistance
• p. aeruginosa
• morphotypes