Classic Axial Load Injuries to the Upper Extremity

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Classic axial load injuries to the upper extremity (many of which are referred to as “falling on the outstretched arm” (FOOSH) are a frequent presentation in emergency medicine. Axial load can lead to classic patterns of injury from the hand to the shoulder. Demonstration of competency in assessing these injuries is essential in the practice of emergency medicine. This resource describes the classic axial load injuries of the upper extremity. Methods This resource contains two PowerPoint presentations that use pictures, radiology images, and diagrams to demonstrate upper extremity injuries. One presentation focuses on classic injuries of these extremities, the other on load injuries. Results For the last 8 years the primary author has been lecturing to fourth-year medical students on a monthly basis as part of orientation for their required emergency medicine clerkship. The lecture has been highly rated in student evaluations perennially. One of the students (the co-author) appreciated the lecture so much that, as part of a project for an anatomy elective, he collaborated with the primary author to apply his computer animation skills to enhance the orientation content. Student reviews have been overwhelmingly positive and they have been anecdotally observed applying the knowledge during clinical care in the emergency department. Discussion Classic axial load injuries to the upper extremity are a frequent presentation in emergency medicine. These injuries are illustrated in a unique way using animations to help the learner truly understand the injury beyond simply the radiographic abnormalities.

Keywords

• FOOSH
• Axial Load
• Arm Injuries
• Upper Extremity Injury