Biomolecules (May 2020)

Acute Effects of Butyrate on Induced Hyperpermeability and Tight Junction Protein Expression in Human Colonic Tissues

  • Mathias W. Tabat,
  • Tatiana M. Marques,
  • Malin Markgren,
  • Liza Löfvendahl,
  • Robert J. Brummer,
  • Rebecca Wall

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10050766
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 5
p. 766

Abstract

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Intact intestinal barrier function is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. A dysfunctional intestinal barrier can lead to local and systemic inflammation through translocation of luminal antigens and has been associated with a range of health disorders. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon, has been described as an intestinal barrier-strengthening agent, although mainly by using in vitro and animal models. This study aimed to investigate butyrate’s ability to prevent intestinal hyperpermeability, induced by the mast cell degranulator Compound 48/80 (C48/80), in human colonic tissues. Colonic biopsies were collected from 16 healthy subjects and intestinal permeability was assessed by Ussing chamber experiments. Furthermore, the expression levels of tight junction-related proteins were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Pre-treatment with 5 mM butyrate or 25 mM butyrate did not protect the colonic tissue against induced paracellular or transcellular hyperpermeability, measured by FITC-dextran and horseradish peroxidase passage, respectively. Biopsies treated with 25 mM butyrate prior to stimulation with C48/80 showed a reduced expression of claudin 1. In conclusion, this translational ex vivo study did not demonstrate an acute protective effect of butyrate against a chemical insult to the intestinal barrier in healthy humans.

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