Sensors Based on Bio and Biomimetic Receptors in Medical Diagnostic, Environment, and Food Analysis
Alisa N. Kozitsina,
Tatiana S. Svalova,
Natalia N. Malysheva,
Andrei V. Okhokhonin,
Marina B. Vidrevich,
Khiena Z. Brainina
Affiliations
Alisa N. Kozitsina
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Tatiana S. Svalova
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Natalia N. Malysheva
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Andrei V. Okhokhonin
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Marina B. Vidrevich
Scientific and Innovation Center for Sensory Technologies, Ural State University of Economics, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Khiena Z. Brainina
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Analytical chemistry is now developing mainly in two areas: automation and the creation of complexes that allow, on the one hand, for simultaneously analyzing a large number of samples without the participation of an operator, and on the other, the development of portable miniature devices for personalized medicine and the monitoring of a human habitat. The sensor devices, the great majority of which are biosensors and chemical sensors, perform the role of the latter. That last line is considered in the proposed review. Attention is paid to transducers, receptors, techniques of immobilization of the receptor layer on the transducer surface, processes of signal generation and detection, and methods for increasing sensitivity and accuracy. The features of sensors based on synthetic receptors and additional components (aptamers, molecular imprinted polymers, biomimetics) are discussed. Examples of bio- and chemical sensors’ application are given. Miniaturization paths, new power supply means, and wearable and printed sensors are described. Progress in this area opens a revolutionary era in the development of methods of on-site and in-situ monitoring, that is, paving the way from the “test-tube to the smartphone”.
