Frontiers in Oncology (Jun 2023)

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the differential diagnosis between granulomatous prostatitis and prostate cancer: a literature review to an intriguing diagnostic challenge

  • Caterina Gaudiano,
  • Benedetta Renzetti,
  • Cristina De Fino,
  • Beniamino Corcioni,
  • Federica Ciccarese,
  • Lorenzo Bianchi,
  • Lorenzo Bianchi,
  • Riccardo Schiavina,
  • Riccardo Schiavina,
  • Matteo Droghetti,
  • Matteo Droghetti,
  • Francesca Giunchi,
  • Eugenio Brunocilla,
  • Eugenio Brunocilla,
  • Michelangelo Fiorentino

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1178430
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

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Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is currently the most effective diagnostic tool for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) and evaluating adenocarcinoma-mimicking lesions of the prostate gland, among which granulomatous prostatitis (GP) represents the most interesting diagnostic challenge. GP consists of a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory lesions that can be differentiated into four types: idiopathic, infective, iatrogenic, and associated with systemic granulomatous disease. The incidence of GP is growing due to the increase in endourological surgical interventions and the adoption of intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; therefore, the difficulty lies in identifying specific features of GP on mpMRI to avoid the use of transrectal prostate biopsy as much as possible.

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