The role of fatty acid metabolism and lipotoxicity in pancreatic β-cell injury: Identification of potential therapeutic targets

Abstract

Over the last 20 years, intensive research has been focused on the specific mechanisms mediating the pancreatic β-cell injury. Both the decreased viability and the dysfunction of β-cells have become the key factors in the development of diabetes mellitus. Thus, it is of utmost importance to elucidate the discrete pathological changes in pancreatic β-cells within the context of the various lipotoxicity models. The goal of these studies is to generate evidence to improve not only the clinical treatment for diabetics, but also modulate the diet and activities of groups at high risk for diabetes. In this regard, we review the role of lipotoxicity in pancreatic β-cell injury and identify potential therapeutic targets in this cell model.

Keywords

• Lipotoxicity
• Pancreatic β-cells
• Insulin biosynthesis
• Insulin secretion
• Aquaporin