Features of hormonal homeostasis in women of reproductive age with uterine leiomioma in the dynamics of treatment

Abstract

Objective of the study was to determine the characteristics of hormonal homeostasis in women with uterine leiomyoma in the course of treatment. Materials and methods. The hormonal status of 60 women with uterine leiomyoma at the age of 26–45 years was studied. 30 women received treatment with a progesterone receptor antagonist – mifepristone 50 mg per day for 3 months, 30 women received therapy with a gonadotropic-releasing hormone agonist goserelin 3.6 mg per day for 3 menstrual cycles. The control group consisted of 20 healthy women of reproductive age. Results. Uterine leiomyoma was associated with the absence of a preovulatory peak of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone against the background of relative increase of estradiol in the follicular phase of menstrual cycle and progesterone increase in the periovulatory period. Subclinical hypothyroidism was established in 23.3% of women with uterine leiomyoma, and hyperandrogenism of mixed genesis in 13.3% of women with uterine leiomyoma. A relative increase of cortisol was noted in 21.7% of patients with uterine leiomyoma, that is indicates on the chronic stress as one of the triggers for pathogenesis of hormonal disorders due to uterine leiomyoma. Mifepristone did not affect the serum concentrations of sex hormones and gonadotropins, that is indicates the drug effect is at the local level only. Gonadotropic-releasing hormone agonists leads to inhibition of the pituitary-ovarian axis, manifested by changes in hormonal homeostasis in the form of temporary hypoestrogenia and hypoprogesteronemia against the background of a significant decrease of gonadotropins, which is reversible and allows to use these drugs to restore reproductive function in women with uterine leiomyoma. Conclusions. The established changes in hormonal homeostasis are determined by the peculiarities of the combination of concomitant endocrine pathology and functional state of the reproductive system, and hyperproliferative process arises as a result of the endocrine system dysfunction. Mifepristone does not change hormonal homeostasis, and goserelin leads to a hypoestrogenism and hypoprogesteronemia, which is temporary and reversible

Keywords

• uterine leiomyoma
• hormonal homeostasis
• treatment
• gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists
• progesterone receptor antagonists
• mifepristone
• goserelin
• reproductive age