Stiinta Agricola (Dec 2013)
Экономическая эффективность возделывания яблоневых насаждений при капельном орошении в условиях Закарпатья
Abstract
Drip irrigation regimes of apple tree plantations in the humid zone of Transcarpatia were studied. The experiment was conducted in intensive apple tree plantations of knip-baum type in 2009-2011 (Braeburn variety on the dwarf rootstock M.9). The control and management of water regime of root layer on the irrigated plots were performed using tensiometry method, consisting in the creation and maintenance of an optimum range of tensiometric pressure during the vegetation period. Experimental design: 1) natural moisture content (control variant); 2) pre-irrigation soil moisture 70 % of the minimum water capacity (MWC) throughout the vegetation period; 3) pre-irrigation soil moisture 70-80-70 % MWC; 4) pre-irrigation soil moisture 80 % MWC throughout the vegetation period. Economically justified and warranted results were obtained with the differentiated assignment of irrigation dates: 70 % MWC at the beginning of the vegetation period and during the fruit ripening stage and 80 % MWC in the stage of intensive plant growth and fruit formation. In the third year of fruiting the yield was 52.6 t/ha, which is much more than with natural moisture content. The average net profit was 5 times higher than in the control variant and the level of profitability was 3.5 times higher.
