ZNF384-Related Fusion Genes in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract

Zinc finger protein 384 ( ZNF384 ) encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein that can function as a transcription factor. ZNF384 rearrangement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was first reported in 2002. More than 19 different ZNF384 fusion partners have been detected in ALL. These include E1A-binding protein P300 ( EP300 ), CREB-binding protein ( CREBBP ), transcription factor 3 ( TCF3 ), TATA-box binding protein associated factor 15 ( TAF15 ), Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene ( EWSR1 ), AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B ( ARID1B ), SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4 ( SMARCA4 ), SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 2 ( SMARCA2 ), synergin gamma ( SYNRG ), clathrin heavy chain ( CLTC ), bone morphogenic protein 2-inducible kinase ( BMP2K ), Nipped-B-like protein ( NIPBL ), A Kinase Anchoring Protein 8 ( AKAP8 ), Chromosome 11 Open Reading Frame 74 ( C11orf74 ), DEAD-Box Helicase 42 ( DDX42 ), ATP Synthase F1 Subunit Gamma ( ATP2C1 ), Euchromatic Histone Lysine Methyltransferase 1 ( EHMT1 ), Testic Expressed 41 ( TEX41 ), etc. Patients diagnosed with ALL harboring ZNF384 rearrangements commonly had a good prognosis. The mechanisms, performance, and features of different ZNF384 rearrangements in acute lymphoblastic leukemia have been well evaluated.