CARACTERÍSTICAS QUÍMICAS E FÍSICAS DE UM SOLO SOB FLORESTA, SISTEMA AGROFLORESTAL E PASTAGEM NO SUL DA BAHIA

Abstract

The withdrawal of the natural vegetation in order to implement an agriculturist system provokes disequilibrium in the soil. This study had as objective: evaluate changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of the ground and in the total organic carbon level of a ground that has experienced different systems of use: remainder of Atlantic Bush, cacao (Theobroma cacao), and pasture (Brachiaria decumbens). For each use, samples were collected, in the depths of 0 - 10 and 10 - 20 cm. The chemical and physical analyses had been proceeded, and the determination of the total organic carbon, nitrogen and match in the soil. The substitution of the natural vegetation for the cacao and pasture systems caused changes in the level of clay in the layer of 0 ¿ 10 cm and in the levels of clay and silte in the second layer 10 - 20 cm. To the chemical characteristics evaluated (0-10 cm), it was observed that the levels of Ca+2, Mg+2 and P were higher, and in the cacao system, while the pasture showed higher pH and levels of K+ and lower CTC. The attributes Al+3 and m decreased and V increased. 10-20cm the cacao and pasture systems showed changes just related to the level of Ca+2, and for the cacao system,higher P level. The TOC and chemical attributes in the second layer showed significant correlations just for the pasture area.