Genome-Wide Analysis, Identification, and Characterization of the <i>PFK</i> Gene Family Members of <i>Populus deltoides</i>

Abstract

Plants produce two phosphorylated enzymes: pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase (PFP) and ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase (PFK). However, the characterization of phosphofructokinase (PFK) family members and their functions remains unexplored in Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides). This study comprehensively analyzed 17 phosphofructokinase genes in the P. deltoides genome, including their gene structure, conserved domains, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns. Genome-wide analysis of the poplar genome identified 11 genes belonging to PdPFK and 6 genes belonging to PdPFP. Phylogenetic, gene structure, and motif analyses revealed two main categories of PFK genes: PFK with eleven genes and PFP with six genes. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that all 17 phosphofructokinase genes were induced in various tissues and developmental stages of P. deltoides. PFPs were strongly expressed throughout P. deltoides’ growth and development, notably in the roots, according to the transcript analysis. This genome-wide analysis provides insights into PFK and PFP genes and establishes a foundation for future investigations into the role of genes in P. deltoids.

Keywords

• PFK gene family
• characterization
• phylogenetic analysis
• gene expression pattern
• <i>Populus deltoides</i>