Correlation between Glycated Hemoglobin, Extra-cranial Carotid Artery Disease and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is the well-known endocrine problem where the body either doesn't deliver sufficient insulin or has a resistance to the circulating insulin. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease stays the chief reason of death and disability among diabetic patients, particularly in type II DM patients. Aim of the work: To correlate between glycated Hemoglobin [HBA1C], carotid, peripheral and coronary artery disease in type II DM patients.Patients and methods: This is an observational study of 122 type II DM patients who were admitted to National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology. A full history, a full clinical examination, 12 lead-ECG, Echocardiography, Carotid duplex, Ankle-brachial index [ABI] measurement, HbA1C and Invasive non emergent coronary angiography were done.Results: Carotid intima-media thickness [IMT] in patients with HbA1C >7% was significantly higher than those with HbA1C7% compared to those with HbA1C7% compared to those with HbA1C>7%, ABI had a significant negative correlation with number of diseased coronary vessels and IMT had a significant positive correlation with number of diseased coronary vessels in patients with higher HbA1C >7% with no significant correlation in those with HbA1C<7%.Conclusion: Our results showed a significant correlation between HbA1C and Carotid atherosclerosis, Peripheral artery disease [PAD] and Coronary Artery disease [CAD] severity based on number of diseased coronary vessels in uncontrolled T2DM patients.

Keywords

• glycated hemoglobin
• carotid artery
• carotid intima-media thickness
• ankle-brachial index
• diabetes mellitus