Наукові горизонти (Sep 2019)
TYPIZATION OF THE DNIPRO RIVER BASIN TERRITORY ACCORDING THE DEGREE OF AGROGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF LANDSCAPE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURES
Abstract
23, Stritenskaya Str., Kherson, 73000, Ukraine Therefore, in order to solve the ecological problems of the transboundary river, the most promising is the practical scientifically grounded implementation of basin principles of nature using, which involves the usage of a complex approach to the organization of land and water preservation measures, considering the systematic research, implementation of the Dnieper River basin typization by the degree of agrogenic transformation of landscape territorial structures with the use of GIS technologies and Remote sensing of Earth. The structure of spatial differentiation of the ratio of plowed and forested areas in the catchment area indicates a significant transformation of landscape structures over 60% of the Dnipro basin territory. The typization of the territory of the Dnipro River basin by the degree of agrogenic transformation and water-erosion destruction of landscape structures allowed to distinguish three groups by the main classification features (forested areas, eroded and plowed areas, including slopes). The first group included sub-basins with undisturbed and weakly disturbed landscape structures with a total area of 224.2 thousand km2 (43.9%), the second group with a high degree of agrogenic transformation of landscape structures with a total area of 116.6 thousand km2 (22, 8%), the third group included sub-basins with a total area of 170.2 thousand km2 (33.3%) agrogenicaly transformed landscape structures with high soil erosion risk. In terms of destabilizing indicators (general plowing, arable land erosion, plowed slopes, proportion of slopes of southern exposition), 6 categories of sub-basins were allocated according to the degree of agrogenic disturbance, considering the manifestations of water-erosion processes. It has been determined that 463 sub-basins with a total area of 338.5 thousand km2 (66.3%) are in the categories with medium, strong, very strong and catastrophic degree of agrogenic transformation. Rational land using should consider the properties and features of the landscape, promote the protection and reproduction of soil, vegetation and other natural components in a single agreement between the countries of the transboundary basin. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a conceptual model of ecological and rational exploitation of the catchment area of the transboundary river, on the basis of basin principles of nature using.
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