Educación Médica (Nov 2024)
Relationship between academic climate and burnout in Spanish medical schools
Abstract
Introduction-aim: Several studies show a high prevalence of burnout among medical students, with the learning environment being suggested as one of the potential contributing factors. The present analysis aims to describe burnout in medical students and its relationship with the educational climate.We have investigated the relationship between burnout and academic climate. Previously, we found a correlation between a poor perception of academic climate with increased depression, anxiety, and other psychopathological symptoms. Material and methods: The study was carried out in 2022 in all 44 medical schools in Spain and analyses the academic climate (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure) and its relationship with the perception of burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory) among medical students (n=4374). Results: The global academic climate and the burnout subscales present an inverse correlation with exhaustion and depersonalization, and a direct correlation with efficacy. Students in public schools presented greater values for exhaustion and depersonalization than those from private centers. The levels of burnout increase during the stay in the school in these 3 subscales. Conclusion: Our study suggests a high correlation between a higher level of burnout and a worse assessment of the academic climate. The level of burnout varies according to gender, course, and type of medical school. Resumen: Introducción-objetivo: Varios estudios muestran una alta prevalencia de agotamiento entre los estudiantes de medicina, sugiriendo el entorno de aprendizaje como uno de los posibles factores contribuyentes. El presente análisis tiene como objetivo describir el burnout en estudiantes de medicina y su relación con el clima educativo. Material y métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en 2022 en las 44 facultades de medicina de España y analiza el clima académico (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure) y su relación con la percepción del burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory) entre los estudiantes de medicina (n=4374). Resultados: El Clima Académico Global y las subescalas de burnout presentan correlación inversa con Agotamiento y Despersonalización, y correlación directa con Eficacia. Los estudiantes de centros públicos presentaron mayores valores de agotamiento y despersonalización que los de centros privados. Los niveles de burnout aumentan durante la estancia en el centro educativo en estas tres subescalas. Conclusión: Nuestro estudio sugiere una alta correlación entre un mayor nivel de burnout y una peor valoración del clima académico. El nivel de agotamiento varía según el género, la carrera y el tipo de escuela de medicina.
